Molecular testing involves various tests that check for molecules in your DNA or RNA. The molecules can be genes, proteins, or other biomarkers. Doctors can use molecular testing to plan treatment, determine if a treatment is working, estimate your outlook or predict whether your cancer will recur or has spread. Molecular testing Dallas TX uses various specimens, including blood, saliva, urine, feces, or specific organ tissue, when analyzing genetic information. Molecular tests often take a short time. For example, taking a nasal swab may take less than one minute.
How does molecular testing work?
Molecular testing analyzes the genetic information in your DNA and RNA. DNA consists of long strands of molecules that contain all your genetic information. Every nucleus cell in your body has DNA. RNA is a strand of genetic material outside the nucleus that directs cells’ functional structures what to do. Molecular testing analyzes changes in DNA and RNA to check for signs that might indicate current or future health conditions.
What are the different types of molecular testing?
There are two main types of molecular testing, which include:
Genome sequencing and testing
Genome sequencing and testing look for specific genes or gene changes. It can help determine whether you carry a gene for a disease. Doctors also use genome sequencing to predict how you will respond to certain medications.
Genetic markers
Genetic markers check for genetic markers of infections or diseases by examining the presence of embedded genetic signals that strongly link with the suspected condition. These tests are highly accurate. They help doctors confirm a diagnosis and develop the best treatment plan.
What conditions can molecular testing diagnose?
Molecular testing can help doctors identify genes linked to certain cancers. For example, the BRCA2 gene is linked to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Molecular testing may also help identify biomarkers that suggest certain cancer treatments are more effective.
COVID-19
COVID-19 molecular test uses reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This test can help examine the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19. RT-PCR test is more accurate than the antigen test for COVID-19.
HPV
HPV molecular testing analyzes pieces of viral DAN to check whether they contain HPV. There are various forms of molecular tests doctors can use to check HPV.
Disease markers
Genetic tests can look for DNA mutations or variations linked to the occurrence of certain health issues. Doctors can use molecular testing to check if you have genetic diseases running in your family and if you inherited the genes. For example, LDLR and APOB gene changes are associated with familial hypercholesterolemia.
Other uses
Molecular testing can help trace ancestry, screen newborns for genetic issues, test for possible drug resistance in bacteria, or do forensic tests to identify people for legal reasons. The tests can also diagnose other conditions, including thalassemia, flu strands, sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia, and neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease.
Schedule an appointment at MD Molecular Diagnostics for molecular testing to assess the risk of various health conditions for effective prevention.
